منابع مشابه
Forgetting in immediate serial recall: decay, temporal distinctiveness, or interference?
Three hypotheses of forgetting from immediate memory were tested: time-based decay, decreasing temporal distinctiveness, and interference. The hypotheses were represented by 3 models of serial recall: the primacy model, the SIMPLE (scale-independent memory, perception, and learning) model, and the SOB (serial order in a box) model, respectively. The models were fit to 2 experiments investigatin...
متن کاملTesting a Distinctiveness Explanation of the Primacy Effect in Free Recall Using Event-Related Potentials
The primacy effect in free recall is commonly attributed to more frequent rehearsals for stimuli in the first few serial positions. Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated whether the first list position also provides a distinctive feature to the stimulus, which enhances its encoding and aids retrieval on a recall test. The amplitude of the P300 elicited by stimuli that deviate p...
متن کاملVisual distinctiveness can enhance recency effects.
Experimental efforts to meliorate the modality effect have included attempts to make the visual stimulus more distinctive. McDowd and Madigan (1991) failed to find an enhanced recency effect in serial recall when the last item was made more distinct in terms of its color. In an attempt to extend this finding, three experiments were conducted in which visual distinctiveness was manipulated in a ...
متن کاملDistinctiveness Effects in Face Memory Vanish with Well-Controlled Distractors
The “distinctiveness effect” in face memory holds that distinctive faces are recognized better than typical faces, as reflected by higher hit rates and lower false alarm rates during recognition tasks. We propose that this effect is due to a systematic bias in the similarity relationships between target and distractor faces. Specifically, we claim that distinctive faces are recognized more succ...
متن کاملInhibiting effects of recall.
Evidence is reviewed indicating that output interference—the deleterious effects of recall of some information on information recalled later—occurs both in primary and secondary memory. It appears that output interference provides at least a partial account for the disparity between information available in memory and its accessibility at recall. It is argued that consideration of...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Memory & Cognition
سال: 1998
ISSN: 0090-502X,1532-5946
DOI: 10.3758/bf03211374